目录

• 一、概述：时刻同步的重要性与工具价格
• 二、功能全景图
• 2.1 核心功能矩阵
• 2.2 特色功能详解
• 三、效果展示
• 3.1 主界面布局
• 3.2 服务器测试对话框
• 四、实现步骤详解
• 4.1 环境准备
• 4.2 核心类结构
• 4.3 关键实现步骤
• 五、代码深度解析
• 5.1 NTP时刻转换关键代码
• 5.2 自定义事件处理
• 5.3 样式美化技巧
• 六、源码下载与使用说明
• 6.1 完整源码
• 6.2 运行要求
• 6.3 编译为EXE
• 七、拓展资料与拓展路线
• 7.1 项目亮点
• 7.2 优化建议

一、概述：时刻同步的重要性与工具价格

在现代计算机应用中，准确的时刻同步至关重要。无论是金融交易、日志记录还是分布式体系协同，毫秒级的时刻误差都可能导致严重难题。Windows体系虽然内置了时刻同步功能，但存在下面内容痛点：

1. 同步频率不可控（默认每周一次）
2. 服务器选择有限
3. 缺乏可视化操作界面
4. 无法实时查看同步情形

这篇文章小编将介绍的Windows智能校时工具通过PyQt6实现了下面内容突破：

• 多NTP服务器智能选择
• 可配置的自动同步周期
• 直观的图形化界面
• 实时情形监控
• 服务器连通性测试

二、功能全景图

2.1 核心功能矩阵

2.2 特色功能详解

• 智能降级策略：当NTP协议同步失败时，自动切换HTTP API备用方案
• 跨线程通信：通过PyQt信号槽机制实现线程安全的情形更新
• 体系级集成：调用win32api直接修改体系时刻(需管理员权限)

三、效果展示

3.1 主界面布局

• 顶部：大字号时刻日期显示
• 中部：NTP服务器配置区
• 底部：操作按钮与情形栏

3.2 服务器测试对话框

• 可视化服务器响应延迟
• 成功/失败情形直观标识

四、实现步骤详解

4.1 环境准备

pip install pyqt6 ntplib requests pywin32

4.2 核心类结构

4.3 关键实现步骤

• 时刻获取双保险机制

def do_sync(self): try: 首选NTP协议 response = self.ntp_client.request(ntp_server, version=3, timeout=5) … except ntplib.NTPException: 备用HTTP方案 ntp_time = self.get_time_from_http()

• 线程安全的UI更新

class TimeSyncSignals(QObject): update_status = pyqtSignal(str) 情形更新信号 sync_complete = pyqtSignal(bool, str, str) 完成信号 子线程通过信号触发主线程UI更新self.signals.update_status.emit(“正在同步…”)

五、代码深度解析

5.1 NTP时刻转换关键代码

获取NTP响应并转换时区response = self.ntp_client.request(server, version=3, timeout=5)ntp_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(response.tx_time) 本地时刻utc_time = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(response.tx_time) UTC时刻 设置体系时刻(必须使用UTC)win32api.SetSystemTime( utc_time.year, utc_time.month, utc_time.isoweekday() % 7, utc_time.day, utc_time.hour, utc_time.minute, utc_time.second, int(utc_time.microsecond / 1000))

5.2 自定义事件处理

class ServerTestEvent(QEvent): def __init__(self, text): super().__init__(QEvent.Type.User) self.text = text 在子线程中安全更新UIdef add_result(self, text): QApplication.instance().postEvent(self, ServerTestEvent(text))def customEvent(self, event): if isinstance(event, ServerTestEvent): self.result_list.addItem(event.text)

5.3 样式美化技巧

/* 按钮渐变效果 */QPushButton background: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:1, y2:1, stop:0 4CAF50, stop:1 45a049); border-radius: 4px; color: white;}/* 列表项悬停效果 */QListWidget::item:hover background: e0e0e0;}

六、源码下载与使用说明

6.1 完整源码

import sysimport datetimeimport threadingimport requestsimport ntplibimport win32apifrom PyQt6.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QComboBox, QPushButton, QSpinBox, QCheckBox, QListWidget, QMessageBox, QGroupBox, QScrollArea, QDialog)from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt, QTimer, QDateTime, QObject, pyqtSignal, QEventfrom PyQt6.QtGui import QFont, QIconclass TimeSyncSignals(QObject): update_status = pyqtSignal(str) sync_complete = pyqtSignal(bool, str, str)class TimeSyncApp(QMainWindow): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.setWindowTitle(“&x1f552; Windows 自动校时工具”) self.setGeometry(100, 100, 650, 500) 初始化变量 self.sync_in_progress = False self.auto_sync_timer = QTimer() self.auto_sync_timer.timeout.connect(self.sync_time) self.signals = TimeSyncSignals() 连接信号槽 self.signals.update_status.connect(self.update_status_bar) self.signals.sync_complete.connect(self.handle_sync_result) 创建主界面 self.init_ui() 启动时刻更新定时器 self.time_update_timer = QTimer() self.time_update_timer.timeout.connect(self.update_current_time) self.time_update_timer.start(1000) 初始化NTP客户端 self.ntp_client = ntplib.NTPClient() def init_ui(self): 主窗口布局 central_widget = QWidget() self.setCentralWidget(central_widget) main_layout = QVBoxLayout(central_widget) main_layout.setSpacing(15) main_layout.setContentsMargins(20, 20, 20, 20) 深入了解 title_label = QLabel(“&x1f552; Windows 自动校时工具”) title_font = QFont(“Segoe UI”, 18, QFont.Weight.Bold) title_label.setFont(title_font) title_label.setStyleSheet(“color: 4CAF50;”) title_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter) main_layout.addWidget(title_label) 当前时刻显示 time_group = QGroupBox(“&x1f570;&xfe0f; 当前体系时刻”) time_group.setStyleSheet(“QGroupBox font-weight: bold; }”) time_layout = QVBoxLayout(time_group) self.current_time_label = QLabel() time_font = QFont(“Segoe UI”, 24) self.current_time_label.setFont(time_font) self.current_time_label.setStyleSheet(“color: 2196F3;”) self.current_time_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter) time_layout.addWidget(self.current_time_label) self.current_date_label = QLabel() date_font = QFont(“Segoe UI”, 12) self.current_date_label.setFont(date_font) self.current_date_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter) time_layout.addWidget(self.current_date_label) main_layout.addWidget(time_group) 同步选项 sync_group = QGroupBox(“&x2699;&xfe0f; 同步选项”) sync_group.setStyleSheet(“QGroupBox font-weight: bold; }”) sync_layout = QVBoxLayout(sync_group) NTP服务器选择 ntp_layout = QHBoxLayout() ntp_label = QLabel(“NTP 服务器:”) ntp_label.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) self.ntp_combo = QComboBox() self.ntp_combo.addItems([ “time.windows.com”, “time.nist.gov”, “pool.ntp.org”, “time.google.com”, “time.apple.com”, “ntp.aliyun.com”, “ntp.tencent.com” ]) self.ntp_combo.setCurrentIndex(0) self.ntp_combo.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) ntp_layout.addWidget(ntp_label) ntp_layout.addWidget(self.ntp_combo) sync_layout.addLayout(ntp_layout) 同步间隔 interval_layout = QHBoxLayout() interval_label = QLabel(“自动同步间隔 (分钟):”) interval_label.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) self.interval_spin = QSpinBox() self.interval_spin.setRange(1, 1440) self.interval_spin.setValue(60) self.interval_spin.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) interval_layout.addWidget(interval_label) interval_layout.addWidget(self.interval_spin) sync_layout.addLayout(interval_layout) 自动同步开关 self.auto_sync_check = QCheckBox(“启用自动同步 &x1f504;”) self.auto_sync_check.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) self.auto_sync_check.stateChanged.connect(self.toggle_auto_sync) sync_layout.addWidget(self.auto_sync_check) main_layout.addWidget(sync_group) 按钮区域 button_layout = QHBoxLayout() self.sync_button = QPushButton(“立即同步时刻 &x26a1;”) self.sync_button.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10, QFont.Weight.Bold)) self.sync_button.setStyleSheet(“background-color: 4CAF50; color: white;”) self.sync_button.clicked.connect(self.sync_time) button_layout.addWidget(self.sync_button) self.server_test_button = QPushButton(“测试服务器 &x1f6e0;&xfe0f;”) self.server_test_button.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) self.server_test_button.clicked.connect(self.show_server_test_dialog) button_layout.addWidget(self.server_test_button) main_layout.addLayout(button_layout) 情形栏 self.status_bar = self.statusBar() self.status_bar.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 9)) self.status_bar.showMessage(“&x1f7e2; 就绪”) 初始化当前时刻显示 self.update_current_time() def update_current_time(self): now = QDateTime.currentDateTime() self.current_time_label.setText(now.toString(“HH:mm:ss”)) self.current_date_label.setText(now.toString(“yyyy-MM-dd dddd”)) def toggle_auto_sync(self, state): if state == Qt.CheckState.Checked.value: minutes = self.interval_spin.value() self.auto_sync_timer.start(minutes * 60000) 转换为毫秒 self.status_bar.showMessage(f”&x1f504; 自动同步已启用，每 minutes} 分钟同步一次”) else: self.auto_sync_timer.stop() self.status_bar.showMessage(“&x23f8;&xfe0f; 自动同步已禁用”) def sync_time(self): if self.sync_in_progress: return self.sync_in_progress = True self.sync_button.setEnabled(False) self.signals.update_status.emit(“&x1f504; 正在同步时刻…”) 在新线程中执行同步操作 sync_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.do_sync, daemon=True) sync_thread.start() def do_sync(self): ntp_server = self.ntp_combo.currentText() try: 使用NTP协议获取时刻 response = self.ntp_client.request(ntp_server, version=3, timeout=5) 将NTP时刻转换为本地时刻 ntp_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(response.tx_time) utc_time = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(response.tx_time) print(f”从NTP服务器获取的时刻 (UTC): utc_time}”) print(f”转换为本地时刻: ntp_time}”) 设置体系时刻 (需要UTC时刻) win32api.SetSystemTime( utc_time.year, utc_time.month, utc_time.isoweekday() % 7, utc_time.day, utc_time.hour, utc_time.minute, utc_time.second, int(utc_time.microsecond / 1000) ) 获取设置后的体系时刻 new_time = datetime.datetime.now() print(f”设置后的体系时刻: new_time}”) 通过信号发送结局 self.signals.sync_complete.emit( True, f”&x2705; 时刻同步成功! 服务器: ntp_server}”, f”时刻已成功同步到 ntp_server}nNTP时刻 (UTC): utc_time}n本地时刻: ntp_time}n设置后体系时刻: new_time}” ) except ntplib.NTPException as e: NTP失败，尝试备用技巧 try: self.signals.update_status.emit(“&x26a0;&xfe0f; NTP同步失败，尝试备用技巧…”) ntp_time = self.get_time_from_http() if ntp_time: utc_time = ntp_time.astimezone(datetime.timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None) print(f”从HTTP获取的时刻 (本地): ntp_time}”) print(f”转换为UTC时刻: utc_time}”) win32api.SetSystemTime( utc_time.year, utc_time.month, utc_time.isoweekday() % 7, utc_time.day, utc_time.hour, utc_time.minute, utc_time.second, int(utc_time.microsecond / 1000) ) new_time = datetime.datetime.now() print(f”设置后的体系时刻: new_time}”) self.signals.sync_complete.emit( True, “&x2705; 时刻同步成功! (备用技巧)”, f”时刻已通过备用技巧同步nHTTP时刻: ntp_time}nUTC时刻: utc_time}n设置后体系时刻: new_time}” ) else: raise Exception(“所有同步技巧均失败”) except Exception as e: error_msg = f”&x274c; 同步失败: str(e)}” print(error_msg) self.signals.sync_complete.emit( False, error_msg, f”时刻同步失败:nstr(e)}” ) finally: self.sync_in_progress = False self.sync_button.setEnabled(True) def get_time_from_http(self): try: 尝试使用全球时刻API response = requests.get(“http://worldtimeapi.org/api/timezone/Etc/UTC”, timeout=5) data = response.json() utc_time = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(data[“datetime”]) return utc_time.astimezone() 转换为本地时区 except: try: 尝试使用阿里云API response = requests.get(“http://api.m.taobao.com/rest/api3.do?api=mtop.common.getTimestamp”, timeout=5) data = response.json() timestamp = int(data[“data”][“t”]) / 1000 return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp) except: return None def update_status_bar(self, message): self.status_bar.showMessage(message) def handle_sync_result(self, success, status_msg, detail_msg): self.status_bar.showMessage(status_msg) if success: QMessageBox.information(self, “成功”, detail_msg) else: QMessageBox.critical(self, “错误”, detail_msg) def show_server_test_dialog(self): self.test_dialog = ServerTestDialog(self) self.test_dialog.show()class ServerTestDialog(QDialog): def __init__(self, parent=None): super().__init__(parent) self.setWindowTitle(“&x1f6e0;&xfe0f; NTP服务器测试工具”) self.setWindowModality(Qt.WindowModality.NonModal) self.setMinimumSize(600, 400) self.ntp_client = ntplib.NTPClient() self.test_in_progress = False self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): layout = QVBoxLayout(self) layout.setContentsMargins(15, 15, 15, 15) layout.setSpacing(10) 深入了解 title_label = QLabel(“NTP服务器连通性测试”) title_label.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 14, QFont.Weight.Bold)) title_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter) layout.addWidget(title_label) 说明 info_label = QLabel(“测试各NTP服务器的响应时刻和可用性，结局将显示在下方列表中:”) info_label.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) info_label.setWordWrap(True) layout.addWidget(info_label) 结局列表 self.result_list = QListWidget() self.result_list.setFont(QFont(“Consolas”, 9)) self.result_list.setStyleSheet(“”” QListWidget background-color: f8f8f8; border: 1px solid ddd; border-radius: 4px; } “””) scroll_area = QScrollArea() scroll_area.setWidgetResizable(True) scroll_area.setWidget(self.result_list) layout.addWidget(scroll_area, 1) 进度标签 self.progress_label = QLabel(“准备开始测试…”) self.progress_label.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 9)) self.progress_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter) layout.addWidget(self.progress_label) 按钮区域 button_layout = QHBoxLayout() button_layout.setSpacing(15) self.test_button = QPushButton(“开始测试”) self.test_button.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) self.test_button.setStyleSheet(“”” QPushButton background-color: 4CAF50; color: white; padding: 5px 15px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; } QPushButton:disabled background-color: cccccc; } “””) self.test_button.clicked.connect(self.start_test) close_button = QPushButton(“关闭”) close_button.setFont(QFont(“Segoe UI”, 10)) close_button.setStyleSheet(“”” QPushButton background-color: f44336; color: white; padding: 5px 15px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; } “””) close_button.clicked.connect(self.close) button_layout.addStretch(1) button_layout.addWidget(self.test_button) button_layout.addWidget(close_button) button_layout.addStretch(1) layout.addLayout(button_layout) def start_test(self): if self.test_in_progress: return self.test_in_progress = True self.test_button.setEnabled(False) self.result_list.clear() self.progress_label.setText(“测试进行中…”) servers = [ “time.windows.com”, “time.nist.gov”, “pool.ntp.org”, “time.google.com”, “time.apple.com”, “ntp.aliyun.com”, “ntp.tencent.com” ] print(“n” + “=”*50) print(“Starting NTP server connectivity test…”) print(“=”*50) test_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.run_server_tests, args=(servers,), daemon=True) test_thread.start() def run_server_tests(self, servers): for server in servers: self.add_result(f”正在测试 server}…”) print(f”nTesting server: server}”) try: start_time = datetime.datetime.now() response = self.ntp_client.request(server, version=3, timeout=5) end_time = datetime.datetime.now() latency = (end_time – start_time).total_seconds() * 1000 毫秒 ntp_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(response.tx_time) result_text = (f”&x2705; server} – 延迟: latency:.2f}ms – ” f”时刻: ntp_time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S’)}”) print(f”Server server} test successful”) print(f” Latency: latency:.2f}ms”) print(f” NTP Time: ntp_time}”) self.add_result(result_text) except ntplib.NTPException as e: error_text = f”&x274c; server} – NTP错误: str(e)}” print(f”Server server} test failed (NTP error): str(e)}”) self.add_result(error_text) except Exception as e: error_text = f”&x274c; server} – 错误: str(e)}” print(f”Server server} test failed (General error): str(e)}”) self.add_result(error_text) print(“n” + “=”*50) print(“NTP server testing completed”) print(“=”*50 + “n”) self.test_complete() def add_result(self, text): 使用QMetaObject.invokeMethod确保线程安全 QApplication.instance().postEvent(self, ServerTestEvent(text)) def test_complete(self): QApplication.instance().postEvent(self, ServerTestCompleteEvent()) def customEvent(self, event): if isinstance(event, ServerTestEvent): self.result_